Ontario

4.B Life Systems – Habitats and Communities

B1.2 analyse the impact of the depletion or extinction of a species on its habitat and community, and describe possible actions to prevent such depletions or extinctions

B2. Exploring and Understanding Concepts

B2.2 describe a community as a group of interacting species sharing a common habitat, and identify factors that affect the ability of a community of plants and animals to survive in a local habitat

B2.3 describe the relationship of organisms in a food chain, and classify organisms as producers, consumers, or decomposers

B2.4 demonstrate an understanding of a food web as the interconnection of multiple food chains in a natural community

B2.5 describe how animals are categorized according to their diet, and categorize various animals as carnivores, herbivores, or omnivores

B2.6 describe structural adaptations of a variety of plants and animals and how these adaptations allow the organisms to survive in specific habitats

B2.7 explain why all habitats have limits to the number of plants and animals they can support

4.C Matter and Energy – Light and Sound

C1.2 assess the impacts on the environment of light energy and sound energy produced by various technologies, while taking different perspectives into account

C2. Exploring and Understanding Concepts

C2.2 distinguish between objects and living things that emit their own light and those that reflect light from other sources

C2.3 describe properties of light, including that light travels in a straight path and that light can be absorbed, reflected, and refracted

C2.4 describe properties of sound, including that sound travels through a medium as a wave and that sound can be absorbed or reflected and modified

C2.5 explain how vibrations cause sound waves

C2.6 describe how different objects and materials interact with light and sound energy

C2.7 distinguish between sources of light that emit both light and heat and those that emit light but little heat

C2.8 identify sensory organs and devices that make use of the properties of light and sound

4.D Structures and Mechanisms – Machines and Their Mechanisms

D1.2 assess and compare the environmental impacts of using different machines designed for similar purposes

D2. Exploring and Understanding Concepts

D2.2 identify the parts of various mechanisms and describe the purpose of each part

D2.3 describe how different mechanisms transmit various types of motion, including rotary motion, from one system to another

D2.4 describe how mechanisms transform motion, including how they can change the geometric plane in which the motion occurs and the speed and/or direction of motion

D2.5 explain how forces are changed in a variety of machines

4.E Earth and Space Systems – Rocks, Minerals, and Geological Processes

E1.2 assess social and environmental impacts of extracting and refining rocks and minerals and of manufacturing, recycling, and disposing of products derived from rocks and minerals, while taking various perspectives into account

E2. Exploring and Understanding Concepts

E2.2 describe the physical properties of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks

E2.3 classify different rocks and minerals according to their composition and physical properties, using various tests and criteria

E2.4 describe everyday uses of rocks and minerals

E2.5 describe how fossils are formed and what information they can provide about Earth’s history

E2.6 demonstrate an understanding of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit geological knowledges that are used in the selection of different rocks and minerals for specific purposes